Inhibits prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)-containing proteins, activating HIF1a1,2 and inhibiting JMJD2A (IC50 = 2.5 uM)3. Displays neuroprotective effects. Inhibits neuronal cell death caused by neurotrophin deprivation4. Prevents activation of the ATR/CHK1/p53 pathway and suppresses apoptosis induced by DNA damage5.