Human Apo-SAA is a 104 amino acid polypeptide that circulates primarily in association with high-density lipoproteins (HDL). The level of Apo-SAA, normally 1-5 µg/ml in plasma, increases 500-1000-fold within 24 hours of an inflammatory stimulus and, under these conditions, is the most abundant HDL apo-lipoprotein. The human SAA gene codes for a 122 amino acid polypeptide, which contains an 18 amino acid N-terminal signal sequence.